The history of Armed Forces Day in Guatemala is insufficient without the mention of Vincente Cerna, a military officer and close associate of dictator Rafael Carrera (1840 to 1865).
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On July 30, Armed Forces Day, Guatemala remembers a significant uprising against oppression. This is a classic titanic conflict that pits conservative thinking against the ferocity of liberal intellect, putting outdated notions against a fresh outlook on the world. On this day, many lifetimes ago, Vincente Cerna’s dictatorial, unyielding dictatorship was overthrown by the Liberal Revolution, ushering in a new era in Guatemalan history.
Without mentioning Vincente Cerna, a military officer and close ally of authoritarian Rafael Carrera (1840 to 1865), the history of Guatemala’s Armed Forces Day would be incomplete. Guatemala’s response to Carrera’s power was ambivalent. Undoubtedly a brutal ruler, he also brought about a period of peace and advancement, particularly in Guatemala’s coffee culture. Carrera named Cerna as his successor prior to his passing. For a while, Cerna carried on what Carrera had started, and everything was going according to plan. Soon later, his rule came under more pressure.
By 1867, multiple upheavals and rebellions had left their mark on his power. Political coalitions in the area also started to fall apart. The more liberal Mexican administration of Benito Juárez and the Cerna government did not get along. The policies of Cerna gradually infuriated Guatemalan and foreign agencies hoping to develop and expand coffee production in the area. Nevertheless, he maintained his position of authority and began a campaign against critics.
A new chapter in Guatemala’s history began with the coup. It opened the door for 12 years of agrarian reform under the new head of state, Justo Rufino Barrios. Originally called as Revolution Day, the anniversary of the uprising eventually changed its name to Da del EjÉrcito (Army Day), a federal holiday recognising the armed services. Every year, Guatemalans celebrate with extravagant military processions and parades. In the twenty-first century, a reaction to Army Day celebrations emerged. Activists arranged a March of Remembrance to honour the thousands of civilians who were killed by military leaders during the civil war.
| Year | Date | Day |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | July 30 | Sunday |
| 2024 | July 30 | Tuesday |
| 2025 | July 30 | Wednesday |
| 2026 | July 30 | Thursday |
| 2027 | July 30 | Friday |
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