On July 9, 1932, following the killing of four protesting students by government military on May 23, 1932, the state fought for revolution. Following their murders, the M.M.D.C. movement emerged, named after the initials of the four murdered students:
Every year on July 9, the Brazilian state of So Paulo commemorates the 1932 Constitutional Revolution with State Rebellion Day. The Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932 refers to the revolt of the citizens of So Paulo, Brazil, against the Brazilian Revolution of 1930, in which Getlio Vargas was elected president. As a consequence of Vargas’ rule by decree under a provisional government not governed by the constitution, local discontent grew. The 1930 So Paulo Revolution attempted to erode the autonomy that states enjoyed under the constitution of 1891.
On July 9, 1932, following the killing of four protesting students by government military on May 23, 1932, the state fought for revolution. Following their murders, the M.M.D.C. movement emerged, named after the initials of the four murdered students: Martins, Miragaia, Dráusio, and Camargo. Alvarenga, the fifth victim that night, was also wounded, but he died months later. It took the state of So Paulo a few months to defy federal authorities. As a result of the assurances provided by the political elites of two other influential states in the region, namely Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais, the politicians of So Paulo anticipated a rapid battle, but their friendship never translated into actual support. This resulted in the military putting down the So Paulo rebellion on October 2, 1932.
There were a total of 87 days of conflict, during which 934 official fatalities and an estimated 2,200 unofficial deaths occurred. Despite the military setback, Vargas eventually approved a number of the primary goals of the state revolutionary movement, such as the appointment of a non-military state governor, a new election of the Constituent Assembly, and the ratification of a new constitution in 1934.
Vargas closed the National Congress in 1937 in the face of increasing political radicalism and ratified a new constitution, thereby establishing the Estado Novo government. The 9th of July is a holiday and the state’s most significant civic holiday, as it commemorates the beginning of the 1932 revolution. It was the first significant insurrection against the regime of Getlio Vargas and the last significant armed conflict in Brazilian history.
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The city has the largest Italian population in the country, with over 6,000 pizzerias producing over one million pizzas per day.
So Paulo has one of the five largest populations in the globe.
So Paulo is the third largest city in the globe.
In the 1958 Municipal Council Elections in So Paulo, a rhinoceros named Cacareco stood for office.
So Paulo has more Japanese-ancestry residents than any other city outside Japan.
| Year | Date | Day |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | July 9 | Sunday |
| 2024 | July 9 | Tuesday |
| 2025 | July 9 | Wednesday |
| 2026 | July 9 | Thursday |
| 2027 | July 9 | Friday |
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