Chapter 31 VA Benefits: Steps to Take if Your Discharge Upgrade or Correction Was Denied

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Chapter 31 VA Benefits: For many US veterans, getting turned down for a discharge upgrade can feel very upsetting especially when they want to use Chapter 31 VA help, also called Veteran Readiness and Employment (VR&E).

Chapter 31 helps veterans who live with service-connected disabilities prepare for work, find jobs, and keep employment. Whether a veteran can get this support often depends on their discharge status. Veterans with “other than honorable,” “bad conduct,” or “dishonorable” discharges are usually not allowed to use it. But there are still two main ways to challenge a discharge type.

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One is asking the military branch’s review board for an upgrade, which can include looking at factors like PTSD, brain injury, or bias during the original decision. The other is the VA’s own Character of Discharge Review, which can sometimes allow partial access to VA benefits even if the discharge is not fully upgraded.

What to Do After a Denial?

Being denied for a discharge upgrade or correction does not always mean the process is over. There are still paths forward. Veterans can work with Veterans Service Organizations such as Disabled American Veterans (DAV), Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), or the American Legion. These groups offer free help with appeals and new upgrade attempts. New evidence, like medical reports, personal statements, or proof of progress after leaving service, can make a big difference.

Veterans can also appeal directly to the Board for Correction of Military Records or use the VA’s own appeals system. If new information comes up later, they can ask for the case to be reconsidered.

A DAV representative said, “Persistence is key. Many veterans are denied on their first attempt but succeed after submitting additional documentation or working with an advocate.” Veterans discharged before January 1, 2013, often have 12 years to apply for Chapter 31, while those discharged after that date do not face a time limit.

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Who qualifies for Chapter 31?

According to the VA’s vocational rehabilitation eligibility page, veterans might get the Chapter 31 support if:
  • They have a service-linked disability rated at least 10%
  • They did not get a dishonorable discharge
  • Their disability makes work hard

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